An introduction to the language and culture of the Anishinaabe people. This course is designed for those who have neither been exposed to Anishinaabemowin nor its traditional societal practices. Gain a rich understanding of the Anishinaabe people and their language at the beginning level.

A continuation of ANSH 101. Students will participate and begin to develop the ability to read, write and speak some basic Anishinaabemowin and further their understanding of the rich culture, traditions and worldviews of the Anishinaabe people.

Introduction to the basic structures of Modern Standard Arabic. This course gives intensive training equally in listening, speaking, reading, and writing.

This intensive intermediate-level course is designed to provide a review of the basic elements of Modern Standard Arabic and continues the development of students' communicative skills in reading, writing, listening and speaking Arabic. It will offer an introduction to more complex syntactic and grammatical forms and structures, preparing students for carrying on a simple conversation, reading an intermediate level text, and understanding basic conversations.

This course seeks to introduce students to more advanced grammatical structures, to develop reading comprehension, writing, listening, and speaking skills.

For students with no previous knowledge of Chinese. Students familiar with Cantonese or Mandarin will not be permitted to enroll. Introduction to the basic structural patterns and functional usage of the language including an emphasis on oral communication (both listening and speaking), reading and writing basic Chinese characters, as well as Chinese culture.

For students with some knowledge of Cantonese who wish to acquire a command of Mandarin or for students with some knowledge of Mandarin who want to improve their Chinese language skills. Continued study of basic structural patterns of the language with the emphasis on oral communication, reading and writing using the simplified forms of Chinese characters.
NOTE Students will have their level of competence assessed by the instructor during orientation week in September.

Continuing study of the functional usage of Mandarin Chinese with intensive training in listening, speaking, reading and writing using the simplified forms of Chinese characters.
NOTE Students will have their level of competence assessed by the instructor during orientation week in September.

Special Indigenous Topics: For detailed information, consult the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures website.

This course will identify and examine characteristics and sources of Indigenous knowledge and pedagogies.

An introduction to Indigenous theories and research methodologies.

Special Indigenous Topics: For detailed information, consult the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures website.

A fourth year Honours capstone project course exploring an issue in Indigenous Studies through both library- and community-based research. Working with an Indigenous community partner and the instructor, students will integrate knowledge and skills to carry out a research project.

Special Indigenous Topics: For detailed information, consult the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures website.

An introduction to the history and culture of the Inuit of Canada with particular emphasis on their language, Inuktitut, in both writing and speaking. This course is designed for those who have little or no exposure to the Inuit language nor the history of Canada's Inuit peoples.

Continuation of INUK 101. This course builds on the foundation of INUK 101 expanding the student's knowledge of the vocabulary and structure which enables them to carry on limited conversation in selected everyday topics. This course will also provide an overview of the history and culture of the Inuit from the early 20th century to today.

Offers a basic level of Italian understanding, speaking, reading and writing for students with no knowledge of Italian whatsoever.
NOTE Also offered through the Venice Term Abroad Program. Learning Hours may vary.

The continuation of ITLN 111. Also for students who have some knowledge of Italian but have not completed 4U Italian or equivalent. For these students an assessment interview with the instructor is required before registration. Contact the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures for details.

A review of the fundamentals of the Italian language, designed to reinforce and develop the student's comprehension, speaking and writing ability.

Emphasizing the application of morphology and syntax, with written and oral practice. Readings will be discussed from lexical, syntactical and thematic points of view.

The ancient Greek and Roman tradition in literature, art and the politics of Italy from the Middle Ages to the 18th century. Texts and works of art will be studied in the context of the historical, cultural and political settings of Italy.
NOTE Taught in English with LLCU 210/3.0. Students concentrating in Italian submit written assignments, tests and exams in Italian. Normally students will read Italian texts in the original.

Addresses the various issues relating to the film adaptation of a literary text. The reading of narrative texts, the viewing of films and critical readings are required.
NOTE Taught in English together with LLCU 226. Students concentrating in Italian submit written assignments, tests and examinations in Italian. Normally students will read Italian texts in the original.

A survey of Italian literature, through selected texts of representative authors, from the Middle Ages to the eighteenth century.
NOTE Taught in English together with LLCU 233. Students submit written assignments, tests, and examinations in Italian.

A survey of Italian literature, through selected texts of representative authors, from the eighteenth century to the present.
NOTE Taught in English together with LLCU 234. Students submit written assignments, tests, and examinations in Italian.

An in-depth study of Pirandello's most important plays, and an analysis of his theoretical essays on theatre. Particular attention will be paid to the following plays: Six Characters in Search of an Author; Each in his Own Way, Henry IV, The Feast of Our Lord of the Ships, Tonight We Improvise, and The Mountain Giants.
NOTE Taught in English together with LLCU 257. Written work and exams are in Italian. Readings in translation.

This course will examine social, historic and political realities of the twentieth century through the lens of the unique Italian humorist tradition of film making. The course will focus on films by F.Fellini, L.Comencini, E.Scola, G.Tornatore, G.Salvatores, N.Moretti, R.Benigni and other film makers.
NOTE Taught in English together with LLCU 308. Students concentrating in Italian submit written assignments, tests, and examination in Italian.

A study of Dante Alighieri's life and poetry, especially the Vita Nuova and the Divina Commedia.
NOTE Taught in English together with LLCU 215. Students concentrating in Italian submit written assignments, tests and examinations in Italian. Normally they will read Italian texts in the original.

The course will focus on the study of Italian Romanticism and its relation to English, German, Spanish and French Romanticism. The rise of Realism and Decadentism will also be discussed and examined.
NOTE Taught in English together with LLCU 232. Students concentrating in Italian submit written assignments, tests and examinations in Italian. Normally students will read Italian texts in the original.

Seminar course on topics in Italian literature. Course details to be announced on website. 

Reading courses in specialized themes of Italian literature to meet the needs of advanced students for whom a seminar course is not available.  Course details to be announced on website.

For students studying abroad or at a Canadian University who wish to learn a modern language other than English and who have no previous knowledge of that language. A basic level of understanding, speaking, reading, and writing in the language. An introduction to elements of culture of the countries in which the language is spoken.

For students studying abroad or at a Canadian University who wish to learn a modern language other than English and who have no previous knowledge of that language. A basic level of understanding, speaking, reading, and writing in the language. An introduction to elements of culture of the countries in which the language is spoken.

For students studying abroad or at a Canadian University who wish to learn a modern language other than English and who have acquired a basic knowledge of that language. An increased emphasis on the study of the grammatical structures of the language and on the acquisition of vocabulary. Practice in speaking, reading, and writing.

For students studying abroad or at a Canadian University who wish to learn a modern language other than English and who have acquired a basic knowledge of that language. An increased emphasis on the study of the grammatical structures of the language and on the acquisition of vocabulary. Practice in speaking, reading, and writing.

Offers a basic level of understanding, speaking, reading, and writing for students with no knowledge of the language. The specific language will be announced on the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures web page.

Continuation of LLCU 101: offering a basic level of understanding, speaking, reading and writing in the language. The specific language will be announced on the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures web page.

A topics course on a language not already offered within the department. Offers a basic understanding, speaking, reading and writing for students with no knowledge of the language. The specific language will be announced on the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures web page.

LLCU 104 is a topics course on a language not already offered within the department. It is a continuation of LLCU 103 building on the speaking, reading and writing of the language. The specific language will be announced on the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures web page.

This course explores the diversity of human languages, and the nature of linguistic identity across and within speech communities from a linguistics perspective. Topics that will be covered include: language families; linguistic typology; writing systems; language endangerment and revitalization; and situations of language contact, bilingualism, and sociolinguistic variation.

This course offers an overview of the theoretical framework behind the study of intercultural communication and proposes practical applications of these theories, including in-class guest speakers and a 4-session workshop on Intercultural Competence by the Queen's University International Centre (QUIC). Students will obtain a Certificate by QUIC.
NOTE Also offered online. Consult Arts and Science Online. Learning Hours may vary.

Semiotics is the discipline that studies signs and how these participate in creating meaning and communication. This course focuses on the theoretical system on which semiotic analyses is based (F. de Saussure, C. Peirce, R. Barthes, and others) and will be devoted to various subject areas such as literature, art, film, theatre, and other fields.

This course aims at familiarizing students from diverse programs with some of the fundamental concepts of Romance Philology. The analysis of the first literary and non-literary documents of the Romance languages will be a fundamental part of the course together with the understanding of the evolution of Latin into Vulgar Latin and its differentiation into Romance languages. Particular attention will be paid to Spanish, Italian, and French.

Cultural anthropology provides an understanding of the range of human cultural and social diversity-the many ways that humans organize their lives. This course covers the main theories, methods, and topics in the field (e.g. economy, politics, religion, power, identity, environment, health), with a focus on major contemporary social problems.

This course will introduce major themes and concepts in the cultures of a specific nation with an emphasis on understanding and examining the important social, historical and cultural contexts of the country and its people. Topics may include art, film, economy, religion, and politics. The specific 'Nation' details to be announced on the Languages, Literatures and Cultures website.

This course examines cities from a cultural perspective, focusing through film to see how different urban spaces have, at different moments in time, been incubators of great social changes. It seeks to understand why, when, and with what result such upheavals occur.

How are businesses and business people represented in film? This course draws from a range of international films to analyze how business at different levels of development in different places in the world is represented on screen. It asks why Hollywood and other film industries seem to heroize and demonize their usually male, White entrepreneurs. And it asks how such depictions matter.

This course goes beyond the typical representations of Rio de Janeiro to provide an understanding of the complex social, political, economic, and cultural history that have shaped the city's development and character. Focus is on the twentieth century, but provides the necessary historical background to understand the dynamics of life in Rio.
NOTE Only offered online. Consult Arts and Science Online.

The ancient Greek and Roman tradition in literature, art and the politics of Italy from the Middle Ages to the 18th century. Texts and works of art will be studied in the context of the historical, cultural and political settings of Italy.

Students will analyze and understand the most important forms of organized crime present in Canada. Its history and evolution are defined, in an attempt to interpret the relationship between major criminal organizations and economic, social, cultural, political, and demographic changes, both domestically and internationally.

The course will analyze the cinematic representation of the Mafia and other criminal organizations, such as Yakuza, Triads, Vory V Zakone. The course will focus on how North American cinema (Hollywood) often glorifies the mafiosi's lifestyle. The goal is the deconstruction of the romantic portrayal of the gangster life style created on screen.
NOTE Also offered at the Bader International Study Centre. Learning Hours may vary.

A study of Dante Alighieri's life and poetry, especially the Vita Nuova and the Divine Comedy.

Addresses the various issues relating to the film adaptation of an Italian literary text. The reading of narrative texts, the viewing of films and critical readings are required.

The course will focus on the study of Italian Romanticism and its relation to English, German, Spanish and French Romanticism. The rise of Realism and Decadentism will also be discussed and examined.

A survey of Italian literature, through selected texts of representative authors, from the Middle Ages to the eighteenth century.

A survey of Italian literature, through selected texts of representative authors, from the eighteenth century to present.

This survey course explores key aspects of Hispanic history and culture in the 20th century through the study of its musical production. We will study notions of race, class, gender, and national identity by focusing on specific musical genres.

This course covers the most significant political, historical, and artistic events and people that have shaped Spanish civilization from prehistoric times to the present. Students will acquire essential knowledge about one of Europe's most dynamic countries and at the same time improve their analytical, writing, and professional skills.

This survey course covers a vast area, several cultures, and many centuries. Students are expected to develop a general understanding of Spanish American culture through an examination of important historical, social, political, economic, and artistic developments in the area.

This course explores the emergence, development, and criticism of the Latin Lover figure in the West, from the creation of the archetypical Don Juan in the 17th century to contemporary Hollywood representation of Italian and Latin-American lovers.
NOTE Only offered online. Consult Arts and Science Online.

An in-depth study of Pirandello's most important dramatic works, together with analysis of his theoretical essays on theatre. Particular attention will be paid to the following plays: Six Characters in Search of an Author; Each in his Own Way, Henry IV, The Feast of Our Lord of the Ships, The New Colony; Tonight We Improvise and The Mountain Giants.

An interdisciplinary analysis of contemporary events and Indigenous cultural politics, with a focus on how Indigenous writers, filmmakers, artists, and community members participate in and recount defining moments. Indigenous knowledges and epistemologies are mobilized to foster a critical understanding of core questions put forward by events.

This course surveys English, American, and Canadian literature that includes scholarship, philosophy, poetry, fiction, non-fiction, art, and audio-visual productions about Indigenous Peoples by non-Indigenous Peoples.

Special Topics: For detailed information, consult the Department of Languages, Literatures, and Cultures website.

An examination of traditional and innovative forms of oral cultural transmission in a selection of American, African and European contexts with particular focus on the interaction of narrative and technology.

An intersectional/interdisciplinary approach to the analysis of, and possible alternatives to, Canadian settler colonialism. Primacy given to Indigenous voices/theories/methods related to the history of Indigenous lands and associated traditions/identities, the course focuses on the theory/practice of 'unsettling' the settler colonial societies.

This course examines the main concepts of intercultural communication, identifies the obstacles for successful intercultural communication, and explores strategies for overcoming these barriers. Students apply their conceptual understanding as well as their language skills to real-world situations as part of the applied portion of the course.

This course will examine social, historic and political realities of the twentieth century through the lens of the unique Italian humorist tradition of film making. The course will focus on films by F.Fellini, L.Comencini, E.Scola, G.Tornatore, G.Salvatores, N.Moretti, R.Benigni and other film makers.

Students will view and analyze a selection of Almodóvar's films within the context of Spain and other countries. The study of gender, sexual, cultural and societal identity and other fundamentals of contemporary theory will be central to this course.

This course explores the history and cultural production of Jews in Latin America: the diversity of the group, hyphenated identities and contributions to individual national cultures. Texts include excerpts from historical texts, essays, short stories, films, music and art.
NOTE We will also explore attitudes towards dictatorships, anti-semitism, the Holocaust and Israel.

The course explores the history and cultural production of Hispanic communities in the United States and Canada in the twentieth century highlighting the remarkable contribution they have made in all aspects of culture and life in both countries.

An introduction to contemporary literary theories and the analysis of Hispanic texts from reader-, structural-, and author-oriented perspectives.

A survey of various currents of thought from 19th-century Europe that illustrate conservative discomfort with industrial society and help to make the outbreak of fascism understandable after 1918. The course will distinguish between conservative, nationalist, aesthetic, and religious trends, illustrated by relevant readings from different countries.

An introduction from a cultural perspective to the growth of the fascist mentality in Europe and the emergence of fascist regimes. The course will treat Italian Fascism and the Third Reich as part of the broader conservative and nationalist challenge to liberalism.

An examination of international discourses on conflict and resolution, including theories of reconciliation, human rights, and international law, as portrayed in various media (fiction, theatre and film) and diverse cultural contexts (e.g. ancient Greece, Germany, South Africa and Canada [indigenous settler relations]).

The current surge of minimalist movements (e.g. de-cluttering) offers insight into the texture of present and past cultures. The course will explore spiritual, health related, economic and aesthetic aspects of reductionist movements concerning nutrition, lifestyle, housing, design and exercise.

This course investigates art, politics, and society in post-Wall Europe. Film is our starting point for exploring topics such as urban, regional, and national imagined communities; post- and para-socialist societies; and mobilities, especially transnational flows of people and culture across borders and along intersectionalities of privilege.
NOTE A screening will be made available each week for viewing films.

The course investigates German cultural images and metaphors of disease, with an emphasis on the evolution of normalcy. We will study representations of disease (photography, museum exhibit, literary text), their historic development, and theories of media with respect to both historical and contemporary notions of sickness and health.
NOTE Readings are in translation.

This course will explore major themes of development in relation to gender in Latin America through its manifestation in film. Films will be chosen from all regions of Latin America, including Brazil.

This course offers an overview of the related genres of the Fantastic, the Fairy Tale, Dystopia, Science Fiction, and Horror. Examples will include popular works such as the Twilight Saga, Harry Potter, and/or The Hunger Games, but also traditional texts by Hoffman and Kafka. Parallel to the fictional works, the course offers theoretical analysis.

A study of Don Quijote I and a selection of his short theatrical Interludes. The course will consider the socio-economic and historical context and the literary implications of these works to provide a better understanding of 17th century Spain and the significance Cervantes' works still hold today.
NOTE Readings are in translation.

In this course students will study Don Quijote II and a selection of novellas from Cervantes' Exemplary Novels. The course will consider the socio-economic and historical context and the literary implications of the continuation of Don Quijote I to provide a better understanding of 17th century Spain and the significance Cervantes' works hold today.
NOTE Readings are in translation.

Short theatre played an important role in the theatre of Spanish Golden Age. In this course students will study the literary particularities of the genre and the social ramifications of the themes present in short theatre (gender, battle of the sexes, diversity, authority amongst others) and their historical and contemporary relevance.
NOTE Readings are in translation.

Baroque playwrights took full advantage of the actor Juan Rana's well-known queerness to subvert implicitly and explicitly the social norms of sexual and gender identity still questioned today. Course will examine Spanish Baroque short theatre in general and historically contextualize its subversion of social, sexual, gender, and patriarchal norms.
NOTE Readings in translation.

Investigate the life and works of 20 internationally renowned Italian playwrights (including two Nobel Prize winners Luigi Pirandello and Dario Fo) in a philosophical, political, social, and historical context. Particular emphasis will be given on the aesthetic solutions proposed by the playwrights to deal with the new realities of the 21st-Century.

The course will focus on the major trends of European Romanticism, mainly English, French, German and Italian. A comparison of both the 'poetics' together with a comparative analyses poems will serve as the backbone of the course.

A study of recent contributions to Latin American cultural production by women, including an overview of gender issues and the role women have played in their nations' history. The course will also explore the variety of voices that make up the cultural production of women in Latin America in terms of class, ethnicity, race, and sexual orientation.
NOTE Readings are in translation.

This course will examine critically a variety of representative Latin American films from a historical and filmic perspective. Beginning with the Peron era in the 1940s and 50s, and continuing through the dictatorship years of 1976 to 1983 and its aftermaths, we will examine how Argentine filmmakers express national reality and identity.
NOTE Films and readings are in translation.

This course presents an interdisciplinary examination of Indigenous women and power through the lens of Indigenous scholars, writers, filmmakers, artists, and activists. Close reading methodologies are used to examine what it may mean for Indigenous women, including girls and LGBTQ2S+, "to reclaim their power and place."

This course explores Rotinohnsyonni (Iroquois) scholarship, philosophy, literature, and contemporary arts that introduces students to the passive, habitual, and stative aspect of Indigenous epistemologies.

Special topics. For detailed information, consult the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures web page.

This seminar course is the capstone for the LLCU Major, using the theme of stories and storytelling in order to critically consider understandings of language, literature, culture, and communication. Topics include cross-cultural examination of verbal art, literary practice, stories as teaching, oral history, political oratory, media, and genre.

Provides students with an opportunity to conduct social research under the guidance of a Fudan instructor. Queen's students attend lectures on the interdisciplinary study of Shanghai and team up with Fudan counterparts to undertake research on social change in Shanghai. Assignments include in-class presentations and a final paper. Fall term.
NOTE This course is part of the Semester in Shanghai program in Arts and Science, which will require students to pay a $500 program fee to cover costs over and above tuition.

Special topics. For detailed information, consult the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures.

This course enables a student or a group of students to explore a body of literature on a selected topic in Languages, Literatures, and Cultures. The focus may be by theme, by region, or academic approach and can span the humanities, social sciences, and environmental sciences.
NOTE The student(s) is responsible for approaching a professor with whom they wish to work and who is willing to undertake this project.

This course provides an introduction to the linguistic study of language. Topics covered include phonetics, phonology, morphology, and syntax. The course focuses on universal characteristics of language and draws on examples from a variety of languages.

This course investigates the distinctive characteristics of Canadian English as it is spoken and written today. Topics include historical development, regional dialects, and current changes. Students will have access to the extensive bibliographic and computer corpus resources of the Strathy Language Unit.

This course examines how language reflects and creates power relations in society. Students will learn fundamentals in the linguistic study of language usage and style, and examine language and power in areas such as language socialization, language and age, language and gender, language and education, and language and culture.

How do children acquire their first language? How are second/subsequent languages learned? Topics include first language stages of learning, bilingualism, language disorders, theories of learning, individual differences, interlanguage, and language instruction, including contexts of heritage languages and language revitalization.

This course provides a foundation in the study of speech sounds. The focus is on articulatory phonetics, how to classify and transcribe different sounds of speech according to their articulatory features. The course also offers an introduction to acoustic phonetics and feature geometry theory.

Principles and methods of modern generative phonology. Examination of the formal properties of the sound systems of languages. Current theoretical controversies as well as particular synchronic and diachronic problems in a variety of languages.

This course provides a foundation in principles of morphological analysis. Topics covered include inflectional and derivational morphology as well as the morphology-syntax and morphology-phonology interfaces. Emphasis is placed on practical discovery method, and formal analysis and explanation.

This course provides a foundation in syntactic analysis and explanation. The course focuses on the relation between structure and meaning, and assumes the framework of Universal Grammar Theory. Topics covered include thematic roles, case, anaphora, NP movement and WH movement.

This course introduces the linguistic study of historical language change. The focus is on principles and method in the study of phonological, morphological and syntactic change. Case studies will be drawn from a cross-section of languages, including but not limited to members of the Indo-European language family.

This course examines morpho-syntactic variation across languages. Topics covered include argument structure, derivation versus compounding, case, anaphora, determiners, clause typing and related phenomena. The course assumes the framework of Universal Grammar theory with a focus on how comparative studies in morpho-syntax inform linguistic analysis and theory.

This course examines how Indigenous and minority peoples globally are responding to the potential loss of their languages. In addition to the social, political, and economic causes and impacts of language loss, we will examine how diverse groups of people are resisting this loss. Strategies for reclaiming and strengthening languages are analyzed.

This course explores the forms of reasoning and evidence used in constructing and evaluating scientific arguments in linguistics, through discussion of articles that represent significant innovations and controversies in linguistic theory. Emphasis is on the structure of arguments, rather than on the analysis of individual languages or phenomena.

The aim of this course is to provide students with an understanding of the fundamental concepts and tools of analysis in semantics. Students will learn to recognize and identify different features of word meaning and a variety of semantic relations between words and sentences. The characteristics of logical relations and truth-function semantics and the role these play in the interpretation of words and sentences will be discussed.

This course addresses advanced topics in the interface between morphology and syntax from a comparative perspective, drawing on evidence from different languages. Readings are selected from the current research literature, and the class includes a substantial component of student presentations and class discussion.

This course provides instruction in method and procedure in linguistic fieldwork. The course investigates the syntax, morphology and phonology of a language unfamiliar to the participants. The instruction is structured around weekly fieldwork sessions dedicated to data collection working with a native speaker of the language, and weekly workshops devoted to analysis. The course contains an intensive independent study component.

This is seminar course on a selected topic relating to linguistics. Content varies from year to year; For detailed information, consult the Department of Languages, Literatures and Cultures web page.

Upon agreement with a qualified instructor, this course may be taken by an upper-year student in Linguistics to explore a specific area or methodology. Regular meetings, directed readings.

Upon agreement with a qualified instructor, students with fourth year standing in Linguistics may take this course to develop and demonstrate research skills in Linguistics. Working under supervision, students will choose a specific topic in a particular language, prepare a research proposal which involves the collection and analysis of data, carry out the research, and write a thesis based on the results. 

An introduction to the language and culture of the Kanyen'kehá:ka, the people of the Mohawk Nation. This course is designed for those who have neither been exposed to Kanyen'kéha, the Mohawk language, nor its traditional societal practices. Learn basic Mohawk language and gain a rich understanding of the Mohawk culture and tradition.

A continuation of MOHK 101. Students will participate and begin to develop the ability to read, write and speak some basic Mohawk language and further their understanding of the richness of Mohawk culture, traditions, and worldviews.

This course is delivered in Tyendinaga and will offer foundational instruction in Kanyen'kéha, the language of the Mohawk People. It will build oral language skills for everyday communication and lay the groundwork for continuing study in MOHK 104. It is especially designed for those who have never been exposed to Kanyen'kéha as a living language.
NOTE Only offered in Tyendinaga

This course will be delivered in Tyendinaga and will be a continuation of MOHK 103. It will provide further instruction in Kanyen'kéha, the language of the Mohawk People at the beginning level. This course will allow students to continue developing their language abilities at the beginning level for continuing study in MOHK 201.
NOTE Only offered in Tyendinaga

Students will continue to develop their language skills in Kanyen'kéha (the Mohawk language) beyond the basics and be able to interact meaningfully in a greater number of daily activities.
NOTE Offered only in the Mohawk Territory of Tyendinaga and open only to students registered in the Certificate of Mohawk Language and Culture.

This course will finalize the transition from reading to writing to hearing and speaking in Kanyen'kéha (the Mohawk language). It will also give students the tools necessary to learn and improve their abilities in conversation with first language speakers (either in person, in recordings, or in written materials).
NOTE Offered only in the Mohawk Territory of Tyendinaga and open only to students registered in the Certificate of Mohawk Language and Culture.

Introduction to the language and culture of Portugal and Brazil, acquiring basic communicative skills, vocabulary, and structures of the Portuguese language. This course promotes knowledge and understanding of the social, cultural, and historical contexts of both countries.

Continuation of PORT 103. Basic communicative skills, vocabulary, and structures of the Portuguese language and the knowledge and understanding of the social, cultural, and historical contexts of Portugal and Brazil, and other Portuguese speaking countries.