Invited Book Chapters/Patent


  • AlTal, F., and Gao, J. Optical beamed induced current imaging of planar polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells: Concepts, Advances and Challenges edited by Ruben D. Costa, to be published by Springer, in press.

  • Gao, J. (2008) Polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells Luminescent Materials and Applications edited by A. Kitai, Wiley Series in Materials for Electronic & Optoelectronic Applications P.161-202

  • Heeger, A. J. and Gao, J. (2001) Electrochemical light-emitting cells from semiconducting polymers Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology, Elesvier 3:2527-33

  • Gao, J., Sailor, M., Bhatia, S. and Flaim, C. Direct patterning of silicon by photoelectrochemical etching United States 7433811B2.